Sexual Exploitation Lawyers in Saskatchewan

What is Sexual Exploitation?

Sexual exploitation is an offence under the Criminal Code of Canada (the “Code”), that encompasses the touching “directly or indirectly” of a person between 16-17 years of age. Crimes against children are treated very seriously in Canadian society, therefore if you or a loved one face this type of charge, it is extremely important that you have the help of a sympathetic and seasoned criminal defence lawyer.

In Saskatchewan, though the number of sexual exploitation incidents is relatively low, police take reports of this offence extremely seriously and will ensure thorough investigations are carried out so that charges will be laid if required. Specialized units such as the Saskatoon Child Abuse Unit and the Regina Children’s Justice Centre are also staunchly committed to protecting this vulnerable population.

In order for the Crown to succeed in a sexual exploitation charge, there are four key elements:

• Touching the body of a young person between 16-17 years old;
• The touching was done with an object or a part of the accused’s body;
• The touching was done for a sexual purpose; and
• The touching was being done by an adult in a position of trust or authority towards the young person.

It is also an offence for an adult to invite a young person to touch another person for a sexual purpose.

Young person is defined in the Code as:

The relevant provision for sexual exploitation in the Code is:

It is important to note that consent and the mistake of age are not a defence to this offence. While there are limited exceptions, they are complex and fact-specific.

Investigation of Sexual Exploitation Charges in Saskatchewan

An investigation of a sexual exploitation allegation in Saskatchewan is typically initiated by the parent or guardian of the alleged victim (minor), or a witness. They contact local police and report it. The police will request a statement from the complainant and any witnesses, then they will launch an investigation.

Because sexual exploitation is considered an extremely serious offence, it requires a thorough police investigation. Police will typically interview the young person’s family, close friends and the young person themselves, along with any witnesses. A forensic examination or “sex assault kit” may also be required. The kit requires a physical examination of the alleged victim be completed by a physician to determine if there are any visible signs of sexual touching or intercourse. It should be noted, however, that absence of these indicators does not mean the charge will be dropped. Once the investigation is complete, if the police believe you are the perpetrator, you will be arrested.

As the victim of both of this offence must be between 16-17 years old, the Crown’s case will usually involve the witness testimony of a person under the age of 18. This in turn triggers a number of special rules with respect to evidence and procedure that can simplify and strengthen the prosecution’s case against you.

The list of options that will be available to the Crown at your trial include:

• Letting the witness testify outside the courtroom by television link;
• Letting a support person sit with the witness while they testify;
• Prohibiting the accused from personally asking the witness any questions;
• Playing a video statement made by the witness on a previous date, and letting that statement become evidence.

Bail Process and Conditions for Sexual Exploitation Charges in Saskatchewan

How do I get myself or a loved one out on bail for sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

In the vast majority of cases, if you are charged with sexual exploitation you will require a bail hearing to be released. It is also likely that the Crown will seek an order that you be held in custody until your charges are dealt with unless you have a spotless criminal record.

Prior to conducting the bail hearing, you will likely be transferred to a provincial correctional facility to wait for your bail hearing.  If you are a male, you will be transferred to the nearest of the following: the Regina Provincial Correctional Centre, the Prince Albert Provincial Correctional Centre, or the Saskatoon Provincial Correctional Centre. If you are a female, you will be transferred to the Pine Grove Correctional Centre in Prince Albert. In some cases, you may be held at the local RCMP detachment or municipal police cells.

The bail hearing can be held within as little as 24 hours, a period of time that starts from the moment of arrest or detention. However, the Crown can request up to three days to prepare for your bail hearing and may ask the court for longer.  An effective defence lawyer will ensure that your bail hearing occurs as soon as possible so that you are not in custody for any longer than necessary.

The Regina Provincial Correctional Centre address is:

Regina Provincial Correctional Centre
4040E 9^th Avenue North
Regina, SK S4P 3A6
Tel: (306) 924-9000

The Saskatoon Provincial Correctional Centre address is:

Saskatoon Provincial Correctional Centre
910 60 Street East
Saskatoon, SK S7K 2H6
Tel: (306) 956-8800

The Prince Albert Correctional Centre address is:

Prince Albert Correctional Centre
3021 1 Avenue West
Prince Albert, SK S6V 6G1
Tel: (306) 953-3000

In Prince Albert, the Pine Grove Correctional Centre address is:

Pine Grove Correctional Centre
1700 7 Avenue North-East
Spruce Home, SK S0J 2N0
Tel: (306) 953-3100

Loved ones are not able to contact you while you are detained. Unless the detained person is a minor, the police will not release any information to friends or family due to privacy laws. Your lawyer is the only person allowed to contact you. Once the police have verified your lawyer’s details, they will pass on information about your whereabouts, if requested.

Given these difficulties, while you are held in custody, it is best to appoint a competent defence lawyer as soon as possible to manage the legal process and communicate with loved ones. After an arrest, the police must provide you with the opportunity to call a lawyer in private. If you choose to exercise this right, the police must stop questioning you until you have had the opportunity to do so.

Once you retain one of our experienced criminal defence lawyers, we will begin working to secure your release on bail.

We will immediately do the following:

1. Call into the correctional centre where you are being held and speak to you.
2. Contact the prosecutor assigned to the bail hearing to start negotiating your release.
3. Order and secure a copy of the police information package that details the allegations against you in advance of the bail hearing. This allows the lawyer to make meaningful representations to the court about why you should be released on bail.
4. Conduct either an in-person or teleconference bail hearing to secure your release.

When you attend your bail hearing, the judge will consider the following factors:

• Is detention necessary to secure your attendance in court?
• Is detention necessary to protect the public from a substantial risk of re-offending?
• Is detention necessary in all the circumstances to maintain confidence in the administration of justice?

Rest assured, we will work to not only secure your release but also ensure the least restrictive set of bail conditions (including the minimum cash deposit) possible.

In order for our lawyers to secure less stringent conditions, the judge will need to be satisfied that you will attend court as required and that you pose no significant risk of harm to the public. This is often difficult in a sexual exploitation case, but not impossible.

Our lawyers are often successful at persuading the Crown Prosecutor in charge of bail to let our clients out. If we can’t convince the prosecutor, we can conduct a formal bail hearing and work to convince the court. Even if you are ultimately detained, we can appeal that decision on very short notice through a bail review. Such reviews are conducted at the Court of King’s Bench of Saskatchewan.

Where can I pay bail for sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

If you or a loved one are charged with sexual exploitation in Saskatchewan and granted bail, you will likely be required to provide a cash deposit to secure release. The mode by which you pay the cash deposit will depend on the courthouse at which your bail hearing is held. Your defence lawyer will advise you on the procedures specific to your location and will be able to explain the options for payment to you, or to a loved one who is making the payment on your behalf.

How do I change my release conditions for sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

If you are released on bail with sexual exploitation charges, you will almost always require a surety, cash, or no-cash deposit.

Furthermore, you can expect tight restrictions, including conditions to refrain from:

• Interacting with the alleged victim;
• Attending the alleged victim’s home;
• Staying out beyond a certain time (i.e. curfew);
• Staying away from any place where children are likely present (pools, playgrounds, etc.);
• Breaking any laws;
• Using drugs or alcohol;
• Possessing weapons;
• Visiting certain places; and/or
• Travelling.

The judge may also impose some additional conditions such as:

• Residing where approved;
• Reporting to probation;
• Attending counselling; and/or
• Maintaining or seeking employment.

A variety of factors will be considered when determining your precise restrictions, including:

• Your criminal history;
• Your physical and mental condition;
• Your history of drug/alcohol usage;
• The nature of the alleged offence;
• The likelihood that you will flee;
• Whether you have stable employment;
• Whether you have stable living arrangements; and
• Whether you have ties to the community.

Some of these conditions can prove to be difficult, especially where an alleged victim or witness is a family member or a child. If you share a home with the alleged victim, you are unlikely to be allowed to return home until the matter is addressed again in court. Even if you are paying the rent, are on the lease, or own the home outright. A competent defence lawyer will address this challenge immediately.

If you have already been released, at least for the short term, it is critical that you arrange to abide by your conditions until they can be changed. Breaching the terms of your release can result in further charges or revocation of your bail, as well as forfeiture of any cash paid to secure your release. It is important to take these conditions seriously.

Once the matter is in court, we can work with the Crown Prosecutor to alter your conditions. This includes adding exceptions to some of the conditions or eliminating them altogether.

If your court date is far away and you cannot wait until then, we can arrange to have the matter dealt with sooner. It is always our priority to stabilize your release conditions. That way, you will not feel pressured to plead guilty because of the restrictive terms of your release. Once the conditions are manageable and minimally intrusive to your daily routine, we can focus 100% of our attention on defending you.

Penalties for Sexual Exploitation Charges in Saskatchewan

The penalties for sexual exploitation can be devastating. These types of charges have mandatory minimum jail sentences that reflect the seriousness of the offence. Sexual exploitation is a hybrid offence, meaning the Crown can choose to proceed by way of summary or indictment, indictment being the more serious of the two.

For a sexual exploitation conviction, you can expect:

• Summary: Minimum imprisonment of 90 days, up to 2 years less a day;
• Indictment: Minimum imprisonment of 1 year, up to 14 years.

Beyond any immediate jail and/or probation sentence you receive, you can also expect to receive additional penalties, including:

• An order that you give a DNA sample to the national DNA databank;
• A prohibition against owning any weapons;
• A prohibition against going near any pool, schoolyard, public park, or any other location where people under 18 years of age may be found;
• Registry with the National Sex Offender Registry in accordance with the National Sex Offender Information Registry Act (SOIRA).

As a registered sex offender, you will have to provide the police personal information including:

• Where you live;
• What you drive; and
• What you do for work.

A conviction for sexual exploitation will result in a mandatory minimum 10-year SOIRA order for just one offence, which can have significant and overwhelming consequences for your future.

Under a SOIRA order you are required to report to the Sexual Registry anytime you:

• Change your address or place of residence;
• Change employment or volunteer positions; or
• Travel internationally for more than 7 days.

Furthermore, your personal information will remain in the Sexual Registry database indefinitely.

Defending Sexual Exploitation Charges in Saskatchewan

What are the best defences to sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

With sexual exploitation charges, the defences that may be available to you depend on the facts of your case.

In general, the best defences are:

• Factual Innocence: This is usually the strongest defence because the facts and the evidence do not support you touching the complainant, or other basic elements of the offence. This could include:
  • Identity: In some circumstances, you may be able to raise an identity defence. For example, authorities could have made a mistake in identifying you as the perpetrator. In order to effectively raise this defence, you may need corroborative evidence, such as an alibi to where you were at the time of the offence.
• No Sexual Contact: If you can challenge the mental or physical elements of the sexual exploitation, then you cannot be convicted. For example, if you did not touch the complainant in a sexual context, you cannot be convicted.
• No Sexual Intent: In order to be convicted of sexual exploitation, there must be a sexual intention behind the act. If a reasonable doubt can be raised as to the intention of the act, specifically that it was not with sexual intent, it is unlikely that you will be found guilty.
• Violation of Constitutional Rights: The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms(the “Charter”) sets out your rights before and after your arrest. If the police fail to abide by these rights, it could aid in your defence.

How can I help defend sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

If you have been charged with sexual exploitation in Saskatchewan, the following can help your lawyer build a strong defence:

• Take detailed notes about your version of events to provide to your lawyer;
• Collect and maintain all documents and records about the event;
• Gather a list of witnesses that may support your version of events; and
• Log any relevant texts, emails, phone calls or photographic evidence.

As soon as you are released on bail, you should start to gather any information that may be of use to your lawyer. What information is relevant will depend on the facts in your case. If you are uncertain what information to collect, you should contact one of our lawyers immediately to create a plan of action.

To be truly proactive about the matter, consider doing the following:

• Secure proof of employment;
• Secure reference letters;
• Enroll in counselling (anger management/substance abuse/parenting);
• Secure a record of prescriptions; and
• Secure a record of any mental health conditions you suffer from.

These steps can be very helpful for building an effective defence (or convincing the prosecutor to drop the charges altogether).

What can a lawyer do to help me defend against sexual exploitation charges in Saskatchewan?

These types of charges are often assigned to the most senior and experienced prosecutors who have considerable skill and solid reputations.

During our thorough review of the prosecution’s case against you, we will explore the following key issues with you:

• When and why did the complainant make the allegation against you?
• Did they have a motive to get you in trouble or deflect blame away from themselves?
• Is there someone in the alleged victim’s life that is encouraging them to make allegations against you?
• Does anyone stand to benefit from this accusation being made against you?
• Did you take reasonable steps to determine the age of the alleged victim?
• Did the alleged victim mislead you as to how old they were?

In addition, there are certain defence strategies that can be used to aid your cause, including:

• Assembling documents, photographs, texts, etc. that contradict the allegation and support your defence;
• Gathering evidence from witnesses that support your version of events;
• Identifying mistakes in the actions of the police, such as Charter breaches;
• Uncovering administrative/systemic errors, such as “Jordan delay,” non-disclosure, lost or destroyed evidence, etc.; and
• Finding weaknesses or “holes” in the Crown’s case that may make it difficult or impossible for them to establish the elements of the offence.

In the case of sexual exploitation defences, there are numerous other considerations that your lawyer will need to contemplate that are unique to this kind of charge. Rest assured, we are up to the challenge.

Further Reading

Below are a few notable cases dealing with various aspects of sexual exploitation charges:

In R v SJB, 2018 MBCA 62, the accused was found guilty of sexual exploitation. The Crown appealed the decision of the trial judge and sought a harsher penalty. The accused was stepfather to the complainant, who was 17 years old when he engaged in discussions about having sexual intercourse with her. The accused had sexual intercourse with the complainant multiple times over a two-month period. The court held that the accused knew what he was doing was wrong, he repeatedly engaged in the illegal activity and exploited a relationship of trust between a step-father and step-daughter. Although the accused provided a lengthy apology to the court, attended significant therapy and did not have a prior criminal record, his sentence was increased from 18 months in jail, to three years.

In R v Lutoslawski, 2010 ONCA 207 the accused was charged with several counts of sexual assault and sexual exploitation. One issue was whether the Crown had shown beyond a reasonable doubt that one of the complainants was under 18 years old at the relevant time. The accused was in a position of trust and authority over the complainant as a scout leader. They engaged in a long-term sexual relationship and the complainant believed she was in love. The court affirmed the trial judges’ finding that although he did not disbelieve the complainant, there was not enough evidence to convince him that the complainant was under 18 at the relevant time. The accused remained not guilty of the sexual exploitation charge.

What’s Next?

Sexual exploitation cases are often complex and fact-specific. The circumstances of your case will likely further complicate the matter.

We have tried our best to provide a general outline of what you can expect if you find yourself in this situation, but this is just the tip of the iceberg.

To learn more about how we can help, please contact our team of sexual exploitation lawyers. We will conduct a thorough review of your situation and tailor a precise strategy that targets your successful defence.

Sexual Exploitation FAQs

1. What is sexual assault?
2. What does consent mean?
3. What is child luring?

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